San Jose, CA – On Monday, March 30, President Obama took a tough line with General Motors and Chrysler, which had asked for billions more in aid from the government. GM CEO Wagner was forced to resign, and GM has 60 days to submit a new business plan with more cost cutting. Chrysler was given 30 days to sell a stake to Italy’s Fiat. Otherwise, said Obama, the car companies will go into bankruptcy. To help the companies through this restructuring, the government will be guaranteeing car warrantees and payments to parts suppliers.
Fed to Inject $1.15 Trillion More into Credit Markets
San José, CA – On March 18, the Federal Reserve announced that it would inject an additional $1.15 trillion into credit markets. With short-term interest rates already close to zero percent, the Federal Reserve will try to lower long-term interest rates in an effort to boost the economy. The Fed will buy another $750 billion in bonds backed by mortgages guaranteed by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, $300 billion in long-term U.S. government treasury bonds and another $100 billion in bonds issued by Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
San José, CA – On March 6, the Labor Department reported that the economy lost 650,000 more jobs in February. The report also said that the number of jobs lost in December and January was revised upwards by 150,000. This brought the total job losses since the recession began to 4.4 million, more than half lost in the last four months alone. The total number of jobs has shrunk by 3.2% since the recession began, the most in more than 50 years.
More than Half a Million Jobs Lost in November, Most since 1974
San Jose, CA – On Friday, Dec. 5, the Department of Labor reported that 533,000 jobs were lost in November, the worst one-month decline since 1974. The job losses cut across the economy, with only health care showing any sizable increase in employment. In addition the report revised upward the job losses in September and October, showing that the economy has lost a total of almost 2 million jobs in 2008. The official unemployment rate increased two-tenths of one percent to 6.7%. This figure would have been much higher except for the fact that more than 400,000 people stopped looking for work and were not counted in the official unemployment report. A broader measure of unemployment that includes people working part-time but wanting full-time work, and those jobless who had given up looking for work, rose to 12.5%, or one out of every eight people in the labor force.
San José, CA – In late September massive popular opposition to the Bush administration’s bank bailout plan led to its defeat in Congress on Sept. 29. But behind the backs of the American people, the Federal Reserve and the Treasury, with the cooperation of leading Democrats in Congress, were orchestrating an even larger bailout. Between mid-September when the investment bank Lehman Brothers failed, and the end of October the Federal Reserve quietly lent out more than $1 trillion (one thousand billion) dollars, or almost 40% more than the ‘public’ $700 billion bank bailout.
San Jose, CA – On Friday, Nov. 6, the Department of Labor gave a dismal report on the labor market in October, with the unemployment rate jumping to 6.5% from 6.1% in September, the highest rate in 14 years. At the same time businesses cut 240,000 jobs in October, pushing the total job losses to 1.2 million this year. Even worse, the report made corrections to August and September’s figures – both almost doubled the job losses, from 73,000 to 127,00 in August and from 159,000 to 284,000 in September. A day earlier, a report on unemployment insurance claims showed that the number of people receiving benefits jumped by 122,000 in one week to highest level since 1983. This report suggests that the October job loss figure could be revised even higher.
San Jose, CA – On Friday, Oct. 3, the House of Representatives voted to approve Secretary of Treasury Henry Paulson’s $700 billion bailout plan and then left town to campaign for the election. Despite government reports showing that almost half a million people applied for unemployment insurance benefits in one week alone in September and that the economy had lost 159,000 jobs, Congress did not extend unemployment insurance benefits for the long-term unemployed. This inaction will cause almost 800,000 jobless workers to lose their benefits this month.
San Jose, CA – The year-old financial crisis entered a new stage in September as the U.S. financial system suffered its worst setbacks since the Great Depression of the 1930s. Over the weekend of Sept. 6-7, Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, two large mortgage companies that were financing three-quarters of U.S. mortgages, were taken over by the government due to their growing mortgage losses. Then a week later the 158-year old investment bank Lehman Brothers failed to find a buyer and had to declare bankruptcy. The following Tuesday, Sept. 16, the giant insurance firm American International Group (AIG), with more than $1 trillion (1,000 billion) in assets, failed to get an emergency loan and was taken over by U.S. government in exchange for an $85 billion dollar loan. The next day the Putnam money market fund had to close down as investors pulled billions of dollars out following a big loss at a smaller money market fund that had made a big loan to Lehman Brothers.
San Jose, CA – On Sept. 5 the Labor Department reported that the unemployment rate in August rose to 6.1%, from 5.7% in July. This is the highest unemployment rate in almost five years. A week earlier a report from the Commerce Department showed that real income (income adjusted for inflation) fell in July for the first time since January, dragging down household spending despite a drop in savings for the month. These two reports show that the economy may be going into a downward spiral of falling income and spending, leading to more layoffs, which in turn cut incomes and then spending even more.
San José, CA – Working people had less to celebrate over the holiday weekend as the number of jobs fell for the sixth month in a row in June. On July 3, the U.S. Department of Labor reported that there were 62,000 fewer jobs in June as compared to May and increased their estimates of job losses for previous months. All told, businesses have shed almost one-half a million jobs since January. Six straight months of job losses has always meant a recession is underway in the past. At the same time, the number of people applying for unemployment benefits jumped to more than 400,000, a level typical of a recession.
Federal Reserve Uses Emergency Powers from the Great Depression of the 1930s
San José, CA – On Friday, March 14, the fifth largest investment bank in the United States, Bear Stearns, failed. Over the weekend the Federal Reserve took over the riskiest mortgage-related investments worth $30 billion and arranged for J.P. Morgan Chase, the third largest U.S. bank (after Citigroup and Bank of America), to buy the rest of Bear Stearns for $2 a share, or 4% of its price on Thursday. The failure of Bear Stearns brings the growing financial crisis full circle, as it was the failure of two Bear Stearns hedge funds that invested in home mortgages that marked the beginning of the crisis last August.
San Jose, CA – New economic data released in early January 2008 showed that the U.S. economy was on the edge of a recession in December. On Jan. 2, the Institute for Supply Management reported that the manufacturing sector shrank in December. Their index fell to 47.7 from 50.8 in November, the lowest level since April of 2003. Then on Jan. 4, the Department of Labor said that the unemployment rate rose to 5% in December, from 4.7% the month before, the biggest one-month jump since the last recession in 2001. In the same report, the Labor Department also said that only 18,000 new jobs were created in December, the weakest number since August of 2003.
San Jose, CA – On Dec. 6, the Mortgage Bankers Association of America reported that home foreclosures and late mortgages rose to record highs in the July to September period. The next day, Bush’s Treasury Secretary Paulson announced a plan to aid home-buyers. While consumer advocates criticized the plan for being too little, too late, Wall Street liked the plan, which would let banks off the hook, and sent stocks up.
San Jose, CA – On Sept. 18 the Federal Reserve cut two key short-term interest rates for bank loans by one-half a percentage point. These interest rate cuts followed on the heels of dismal economic data on jobs and the worsening housing and mortgage bust, as well as continued instability in financial markets. While stock markets around the world celebrated the larger-than-expected interest rate cuts with large increases, the Federal Reserve action reflects weakness, not strength, in the economy.
San Jose, CA – In July the U.S. housing market hit new lows, with the lowest number of permits for new homes and the lowest number of construction starts in more than ten years. Then in August financial markets across the globe were shaken by the growing defaults on mortgages in the United States.
San Jose, CA – Between September of 2005 and December of 2006 permits to build new homes went down 28%, as home sales have dropped and prices have started to fall. In the last 50 years there have been seven other declines in building permits of 25% or more, and every single one has been followed by a recession, the most recent being the 1990 recession.
San Jose, CA – According to a U.S. Census Bureau report released in October, the cost of renting rose even faster than the cost of buying a home between 2000 and 2005. Over those five years, rents rose 20.7% as compared to an 18.75% rise in homeowner costs (these are nationwide averages, the increases for both in some areas such as California have been much higher).
